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PHARMACOLOGY: Pharmacodynamics: Menotrophin (Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin, HMG) is a gonadotrophin extracted from the urine of postmenopausal women. It has both luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone activity in a 1:1 ratio. Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG), a naturally occurring hormone in postmenopausal urine, is present in IVF-M HP and is the main contributor of the LH activity.
In the ovaries, the FSH-component in HMG induces an increase in the number of growing follicles and stimulates their development. FSH increases the production of oestradiol in the granulosa cells by aromatising androgens that originate in the Theca cells under the influence of the LH-component. Follicular growth can be stimulated by FSH in the total absence of LH, but the resulting follicles develop abnormally and are associated with low oestradiol levels and inability to luteinize to a normal ovulatory stimulus.
In line with the action of LH activity in enhancing steroidogenesis, oestradiol levels associated with treatment with HMG are higher than with recombinant FSH preparations in downregulated IVF/ICSI cycles. This issue should be considered when monitoring patient's response based on oestradiol levels.
Pharmacokinetics: 8 female rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of IVF-M HP at a dose level of 50 IU/kg body weight, and blood was serially taken up to 48 hours. The serum FSH concentration Cmax (mean ± SD) was 60.94 ± 14.12 mIU/mL and the area under the curve (AUCt) of FSH concentration was (mean ± SD) 1327.6 ± 271.6 mIU∙hr/mL. Median Tmax of FSH concentrations was 8 hours. FSH was eliminated with a half-life (T½) (mean ± SD) of 9.9 ± 0.6 hours.
